The Ten Heavenly Stems and Twelve Earthly Branches are the basic categories of the Chinese calendar and Feng Shui in general, because with their help the energy of time is described. Each moment in time can be represented by a certain combination of these signs.
Taken individually, the Heavenly Stems (Kan) and the Earthly Branches (Zhi) are of little importance, but together they are used for all types of calculations in Feng Shui and are called the Kanzhi system.
When describing the energy of each hour, day, month and year in Feng Shui, two parameters are taken into account at once - the Heavenly trunk and the Earthly branch of this hour (day of the month / year), which characterize the heavenly and earthly energies of these periods of time. Combining with each other, the energies of all periods form the characteristics of a unique moment in time, characterized by eight signs - four trunks and four branches.
Heavenly Stem is always written at the top or front. For example, Yang Wood and Yang Water or Yang Wood/Yang Water.
For example, the day February 10, 2001 is characterized by six signs, which are shown in the figure below. All hieroglyphs and signs are taken from the Millennial Calendar.
Heavenly Trunks and Earthly Branches are the main tool for describing the energy of nature, time and man.
In order for the Heavenly Stem and the Earthly Branch to form a pair, it is necessary that they have the same Yin-Yang polarity. In each pair of signs, the Heavenly Stem and the Earthly Branch will always be the same in Yang or Yin category. Those. there may be pairs: Yang Fire and Yang Metal or Yin Water and Yin Wood, but pairs like Yang Fire and Yin Metal will never occur.
Remember! The Heavenly Stem of Yang polarity can only pair with the Yang Earthly Branch and cannot pair with the Yin Earthly Branch.
It is necessary to remember this rule, because... if we mathematically multiply the number of existing Earthly branches (12) by the number of existing Heavenly trunks (10), then we get 120 combinations, which is erroneous.
Considering the rule of combining Trunks and Branches, starting with the Heavenly Trunk甲Jia and the Earthly Branch子Zi (Rat), successively alternating, the Trunks and Branches form only 60 different combinations - 60 Jia Zi .
So, 10 Heavenly Trunks and 12 Earthly Branches can form a total of 60 pairs. Placed in a specific sequence, these pairs form the Jia Zi sequence. It is also called the sexagesimal cycle, the Jia Zi cycle or the 60 combinations of Jia Zi .
Essentially, the Jia Tzu cycle is based on 12 Earthly Branches, which are sequentially joined by 10 Heavenly Stems. Symbolically, this can be represented as a combination of two gears with 12 and 10 teeth (see table below).
Beginning of the first year of the sixty-year cycle (甲子年) according to European chronology
First year of the cycle
First millennium BC e. | First millennium | Second millennium | Third millennium |
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¹Note: Since the use of the gan-zhi system as calendar dates began in the 3rd century BC. e., then translating older dates has no practical meaning.
JIA ZI
, Metal. These are precious items. Loves the land of the flowering of Metal and Wood. Stars: Shen Xi, Fu Xing, Ping Tou, Xuan Zhen, Po Zi. And CHOW, Metal. This is hard ore. Loves Fire and South, as well as their corresponding time. Stars Fu Xing, Hua Gai, Zheng Ying.
BING YIN , Fire. This is coal in the oven. Loves winter and the element of Wood. Stars Fu Xing, Lu Xing, Ping Tou, Long Ya.
DING MAO , Fire. This is smoke from the stove. Loves the land of the gua sign XUN, as well as autumn and winter. Stars Ping Tou, Jie Du, Xuan Zhen.
WU CHEN , Tree. This is a tree from a mountain forest, from wild mountainous places, which cannot be used as a material. Loves Water. Stars Lu Ku, Hua Gai, Shui Lu, Ma Ku, Ben Zhang, Fu Shen, Ping Tou.
JI SY , Tree. Flowers and herbs on the top of the mountain. Loves spring and autumn. Stars Lu Ku, Ba Ji, Que Zi, Qu Jiao.
GEN U , Soil. Dry soil near the road. Loves Water, as well as spring. Stars Fu Xing, Guan Gui, Jie Lu, Ban Zhang, Xuan Zhen.
XIN WEI , Soil. Concealing myriads of jewels, when autumn comes, it becomes perfect. Loves autumn and water. Stars Hua Gai, Xuan Zhen, Po Zi.
REN SHEN , Metal. Ax and halberd. He loves the signs ZI, Wu, MAO, Yu very much. Stars Pin Tou, Da Bai, Fan Hai, Long Ya, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen.
GUY Yu , Metal. Metal awl and chisel. Loves Wood, as well as the YIN and MAO signs. Stars Fu Shen, Po Zi, Long Ya.
JIA XU , Fire. The place where Fire rests. Loves spring and summer. Stars Zheng Ying, Hua Gai, Ping Tou, Xuan Zheng, Po Zi, Ban Zhang.
And HI , Fire. Hot breath of fire. Loves the soil and summer. Stars of Tian De, Qu Jiao.
BING ZI , Water. Rivers and lakes. Loves Wood and Soil. Stars Fu Xing, Guan Gui, Ping Tou, Long Ya, Jiao Shen, Fei Ren.
DING CHOW , Water. A completely transparent place where there is no flow of water. Loves Metal, as well as summer. Stars Hua Gai, Jin Shen, Ping Tou, Fei Ren, Que Zi.
WU YIN , Soil. Embankment, rampart, fence, wall. Loves Wood and Fire. Stars Fu Shen, Ban Zhang, Long Ya.
JI MAO , Soil. A destroyed embankment, a broken wall. Loves the Shen and Yu signs, as well as Fire. Stars Jin Shen, Duan Yao, Jiu Chou, Que Zi, Qu Jiao, Xuan Zhen.
GEN CHEN , Metal. Tin solder. Loves autumn, as well as weak Trees. Stars Hua Gai, Da Bai, Ban Zhang, Ping Tou.
XIN SY , Metal. The most hidden of Metals, mixed with sand and stones. Loves Fire, as well as autumn. Stars Tian De, Fu Xing, Guan Gui, Jie Lu, Da Bai, Xuan Zhen, Qu Jiao.
REN WU , Tree. Dry willow branches. Loves spring and summer. Stars Guan Gui, Jiu Chou, Fei Ren, Ping Tou, Long Ya, Xuan Zhen.
GUI WEI , Tree. Willow roots. Loves winter and water. I also like spring. Stars Zheng Ying, Hua Gai, Duan Yao, Fu Shen, Fei Ren, Po Zi.
JIA SHEN , Water. Sweet well. Loves spring and summer. Stars Po Lu Ma, Jie Lu, Ping Tou, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen.
And Yu , Water. Water in the gutter. Loves the East and also the South. Stars Po Lu, Duan Ya, Jiu Chou, Qu Jiao, Po Zi, Long Ya.
BING XU , Soil. Pile, hill. Loves spring, summer and water. Stars Tian De, Hua Gai, Ping Tou, Long Ya.
DING HAI , Soil. Plain. Loves Fire and Wood. Stars Tian Yi, Fu Xing, Guan Gui, De He, Ping Tou.
Wu ZI , Fire. Thunder. Loves Water, as well as spring and summer. Comes into contact with the Soil and deifies Heaven. Stars Fu Shen, Duan Yao, Jiu Chou, Zhang Xing, Fei Ren.
JI CHOU , Fire. Lightning. Loves Water, as well as spring and summer. Comes into contact with the Earth and becomes darkness. Stars Hua Gai, Da Bai, Fei Ren, Qu Jiao, Que Zi.
GEN YIN , Tree. Dry branches of pine and cypress. Loves autumn and winter. Stars Po Lu Ma, Xiang Xing, Zhang Xing, Long Ya.
XIN MAO , Tree. Pine and cypress roots. Loves Water, Soil, and also spring. Stars Po Lu, Jiao Shen, Jiu Chou, Xuan Zhen.
REN CHEN , Water. Dragon Water. Loves thunder, lightning, and spring and summer. Stars Zheng Ying, Tian De, Shui Lu Ma Ku, Tui Shen, Ping Tou, Long Ya.
GUI SY , Water. This is the non-stop movement of water, streams flowing into the sea. Loves the signs HAI and ZI, that is, changes and transformations. Stars Tian Yi, Guan Gui, De He, Fu Ma, Po Zi, Qu Jiao.
JIA Wu , Metal. The thinnest metal melted a hundred times. Loves Water, Wood and Soil. Stars Jin Shen, De He, Ping Tou, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen.
I WEI , Metal. Metal remaining after melting in a furnace. Loves big Fire and Soil. Stars Hua Gai, Jie Lu, Qu Jiao, Po Zi.
BING SHEN , Fire. Fire in the wild from white reeds. Loves autumn, winter, and also Trees. Stars Ping Tou, Long Ya, Da Bai, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen.
DING Yu , Fire, Wonderful reflection of spirits and gods. Fire without form. Loves the signs XU, CHEN, CHOU and WEI. Stars Tian Yi, Xi Shen, Ping Tou, Po Zi, Long Ya, Da Bai.
WU XU , Tree. Stems of dry wormwood. Loves Fire, as well as spring and summer. Stars Hua Gai, Da Bai, Ba Zhuan, Zhang Xing, Jie Lu.
JI HAI , Tree. Wormwood leaves. Loves Water, as well as spring and summer. Stars Q Yue Zi, Qu Jiao.
GEN ZI , Soil. Voids in the soil. Space in a room, house. Loves Wood and also Metal. Stars Mu De He, Zhang Xing.
XIN CHOU , Soil. Grave Hill. Loves Wood, as well as Fire and spring. Stars Hua Gai, Xuan Zhen, Que Zi.
REN YIN , Metal. Metal Jewelry. He loves Wood, as well as weak Fire, the Stars of Jie Lu, Ping Tou, Long Ya.
GUI MAO , Metal. Metal buttons, fasteners, bells. Loves strong Fire and autumn. Stars Gui Ren, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen.
JIA CHEN , Fire. Lamp. Loves the night, as well as Water. Doesn't like the day. Stars Hua Gai, Da Bai, Ping Tou, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen.
AND SY , Fire. Lamp light. Similar to the previous one, and also loves the signs of Shen, Yu and autumn. Stars Zheng Lu Ma, Da Bai, Qu Jiao, Que Zi.
BIN U , Water. Lunar disk. Loves the night and also autumn. Water in bloom. Stars Xi Shen, Yang Ren, Jiao Shen, Ping Tou, Long Ya, Xuan Zhen.
DING WEI , Water. Light of Water. Just like the previous sign. Stars Hua Gai, Yang Ren, Tui Shen, Ba Zhuan, Ping Tou, Po Zi.
WU SHEN , Soil. Soil on an autumn field. Loves the signs SHEN and YU, as well as Fire. Stars Fu Xing, Fu Ma, Zhang Xing, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen.
JI Yu , Soil. Rice in the autumn field. Loves the signs SHEN and YU, as well as winter. Stars Tui Shen, Jie Lu, Jiu Chou, Que Zi, Qu Jiao, Po Zi, Long Ya.
GEN XU , Metal. Remains of a dagger and sword. Loves weak Fire and Wood. Stars Hua Gai, Zhang Xing.
XIN HAI , Metal. Massive objects, bells and tripods. Loves Wood, Fire, and also Soil. Stars Zheng Lu Ma, Xuan Zhen.
REN ZI , Tree. A tree damaged by excess water. Loves Fire, Soil, and also summer. Stars Yang Ren, Jiu Chou, Ping Tou, Long Ya.
GUI CHOU , Tree. A tree damaged by lack of water. Loves Metal, Water, and also autumn. Stars Hua Gai, Fu Xing, Ba Zhuan, Po Zi, Que Zi, Yang Ren.
JIA YIN , Water. Rain. Loves summer, as well as Fire. Stars Zheng Lu Ma, Fu Shen, Ba Zhuan, Ping Tou, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen, Long Ya.
And MAO , Water. Dew. Loves Water and Fire. Stars Jian Lu, Xi Shen, Ba Zhuan, Jiu Dao, Qu Jiao, Xuan Zhen.
BIN CHEN , Soil. Embankment, shore. Loves Metal and Wood. Stars Lu Ku, Zheng Ying, Hua Gai, Jie Lu, Ping Tou, Long Ya.
DING SY , Soil. Soil in a swamp. Loves Fire, as well as the North-West. Stars Lu Ku, Ping Tou, Que Zi, Qu Jiao.
Wu Wu , Fire. Disk of the sun. In summer people fear him, but in winter people love him. Avoids the signs WU ZI, JI CHOU, JIA YIN, AND MAO. Stars Fu Shen, Yang Dao, Jiu Chou, Ban Zhang, Xuan Zhen.
JI WEI , Fire. Sunlight. Doesn't like the night. He is also afraid of the four. Stars Hua Gai, Yang Dao, Que Zi, Qu Jiao, Po Zi.
GEN SHEN , Tree, pomegranate flowers. Loves summer. Doesn't like autumn and winter. Stars Jian Lu Ma, Ba Zhuan, Zhang Xing, Po Zi, Xuan Zhen.
XIN YU , Tree. Pomegranate seeds. Loves autumn and also summer. Stars Jian Lu, Jiao Shen, Jiu Chou, Ba Zhuan, Xuan Zhen, Long Ya.
REN XU , Water. Sea. Loves spring, summer, and also trees. Stars Hua Gai, Tui Shen, Ping Tou, Long Ya, Zhang Xing.
GUY HAI , Water. All rivers. Loves Metal, Soil, Fire. Stars Fu Ma, Da Bai, Po Zi, Jie Lu.
In its most developed form, the gan-zhi system was used, among other things, for predictions using the concept of wu-xing.
Year | Pinyin | Transcription | Yin and Yang | Five elements | Zodiac animal | |
1 | 甲子 | jiǎ-zǐ | jia tzu | 阳 Yang | 木 Tree | 鼠 Mouse |
2 | 乙丑 | yǐ-chǒu | i-chow | 阴 Yin | 牛 Cow | |
3 | 丙寅 | bǐng-yin | bin-yin | 阳 Yang | 火 Fire | Tiger |
4 | 丁卯 | dīng-mǎo | ding-mao | 阴 Yin | 兔 Rabbit | |
5 | 戊辰 | wù-chen | wu-chen | 阳 Yang | 土 Earth | Dragon |
6 | 己巳 | jǐ-sì | ji-si | 阴 Yin | 蛇 Snake | |
7 | 庚午 | gēng-wǔ | gen-u | 阳 Yang | Metal | 馬 Horse |
8 | 辛未 | xīn-wèi | xin-wei | 阴 Yin | Sheep | |
9 | 壬申 | ren-shēn | ren-shen | 阳 Yang | Water | Monkey |
10 | 癸酉 | guǐ-yǒu | gui-yu | 阴 Yin | Rooster | |
11 | 甲戌 | jiǎ-xū | chia-xu | 阳 Yang | 木 Tree | Dog |
12 | 乙亥 | yǐ-hài | e-hai | 阴 Yin | 猪 Pig | |
13 | 丙子 | bǐng-zǐ | bingzi | 阳 Yang | 火 Fire | 鼠 Mouse |
14 | 丁丑 | dīng-chǒu | ding-chow | 阴 Yin | 牛 Cow | |
15 | 戊寅 | wù-yín | wu-yin | 阳 Yang | 土 Earth | Tiger |
16 | 己卯 | jǐ-mǎo | ji mao | 阴 Yin | 兔 Rabbit | |
17 | 庚辰 | gēng-chén | geng-chen | 阳 Yang | Metal | Dragon |
18 | 辛巳 | xīn-sì | xin-sy | 阴 Yin | 蛇 Snake | |
19 | 壬午 | rén-wǔ | ren-wu | 阳 Yang | Water | 馬 Horse |
20 | 癸未 | guǐ-wèi | gui-wei | 阴 Yin | Sheep | |
21 | 甲申 | jiǎ-shēn | chia-shen | 阳 Yang | 木 Tree | Monkey |
22 | 乙酉 | yǐ-yǒu | i-yu | 阴 Yin | Rooster | |
23 | 丙戌 | bǐng-xū | bing xu | 阳 Yang | 火 Fire | Dog |
24 | 丁亥 | dīng-hài | ding-hai | 阴 Yin | 猪 Pig | |
25 | 戊子 | wù-zǐ | wu-tzu | 阳 Yang | 土 Earth | 鼠 Mouse |
26 | 己丑 | jǐ-chǒu | ji-chow | 阴 Yin | 牛 Cow | |
27 | 庚寅 | gēng-yin | gen-yin | 阳 Yang | Metal | Tiger |
28 | 辛卯 | xīn-mǎo | xin mao | 阴 Yin | 兔 Rabbit | |
29 | 壬辰 | ren-chen | ren-chen | 阳 Yang | Water | Dragon |
30 | 癸巳 | guǐ-sì | gui-sy | 阴 Yin | 蛇 Snake | |
31 | 甲午 | jiǎ-wǔ | jia-wu | 阳 Yang | 木 Tree | 馬 Horse |
32 | 乙未 | yǐ-wèi | Yi-wei | 阴 Yin | Sheep | |
33 | 丙申 | bǐng-shēn | Bing Shen | 阳 Yang | 火 Fire | Monkey |
34 | 丁酉 | dīng-yǒu | ding-yu | 阴 Yin | Rooster | |
35 | 戊戌 | wù-xū | wu-xu | 阳 Yang | 土 Earth | Dog |
36 | 己亥 | jǐ-hài | ji-hai | 阴 Yin | 猪 Pig | |
37 | 庚子 | gēng-zǐ | gengzi | 阳 Yang | Metal | 鼠 Mouse |
38 | 辛丑 | xīn-chǒu | Hsin-chow | 阴 Yin | 牛 Cow | |
39 | 壬寅 | ren-yin | ren-yin | 阳 Yang | Water | Tiger |
40 | 癸卯 | guǐ-mǎo | gui-mao | 阴 Yin | 兔 Rabbit | |
41 | 甲辰 | jiǎ-chen | jia-chen | 阳 Yang | 木 Tree | Dragon |
42 | 乙巳 | yǐ-sì | i-sy | 阴 Yin | 蛇 Snake | |
43 | 丙午 | bǐng-wǔ | bin-u | 阳 Yang | 火 Fire | 馬 Horse |
44 | 丁未 | dīng-wèi | ding-wei | 阴 Yin | Sheep | |
45 | 戊申 | wù-shēn | wu-shen | 阳 Yang | 土 Earth | Monkey |
46 | 己酉 | jǐ-yǒu | ji-yu | 阴 Yin | Rooster | |
47 | 庚戌 | gēng-xū | geng xu | 阳 Yang | Metal | Dog |
48 | 辛亥 | xīn-hài | hsin-hai | 阴 Yin | 猪 Pig | |
49 | 壬子 | rén-zǐ | renzi | 阳 Yang | Water | 鼠 Mouse |
50 | 癸丑 | guǐ-chǒu | gui-chow | 阴 Yin | 牛 Cow | |
51 | 甲寅 | jiǎ-yín | jia yin | 阳 Yang | 木 Tree | Tiger |
52 | 乙卯 | yǐ-mǎo | i-mao | 阴 Yin | 兔 Rabbit | |
53 | 丙辰 | bong-chen | Bing-chen | 阳 Yang | 火 Fire | Dragon |
54 | 丁巳 | dīng-sì | din-sy | 阴 Yin | 蛇 Snake | |
55 | 戊午 | wù-wǔ | ooh | 阳 Yang | 土 Earth | 馬 Horse |
56 | 己未 | jǐ-wèi | ji-wei | 阴 Yin | Sheep | |
57 | 庚申 | gēng-shēn | geng shen | 阳 Yang | Metal | Monkey |
58 | 辛酉 | xīn-yǒu | xin-yu | 阴 Yin | Rooster | |
59 | 壬戌 | ren-xū | ren-xu | 阳 Yang | Water | Dog |
60 | 癸亥 | guǐ-hài | gui-hai | 阴 Yin | 猪 Pig |
The combination of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches in the Jia Tzu cycle
The first ten pairs are formed by combining the first ten Heavenly Stems with the first ten Earthly Branches:
- the first Trunk甲is combined with the first Branch子,
- the second Trunk乙combines with the second Branch丑,
- third Trunk丙Combined with the third Branch寅
etc.
After 10 combinations, the Trunks end, but there are no Branches yet, so the Trunks are repeated in the second cycle, and we continue to take the Branches from the first cycle: the first Trunks 乙 are combined with the 11th Branch戌, the second Trunk乙is combined with the 12th Branch亥.
Further, the Branches also follow the second cycle: the third Trunk is combined with the first Branch , the fourth Trunk is combined with the second Branch, and so on.
The cycle lasts exactly 60 years, and then it repeats itself, again starting with the combination甲 / 子(Jia Tzu).
By following the “line” of the combination of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches, you can completely compose the entire sexagesimal cycle of Jia Tzu (see table below). Moreover, each combination of Trunk and Branch has its own number.